Convert your paper's citations to Chicago notes-bibliography
The tedious part of the notes system is that first and subsequent notes are formatted differently - a second reference to the same source has to be shortened. Upload the DOCX and we apply the rules throughout.
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1,000 words costs 5 credits
Job files are kept for 7 days and then removed; the job record stays.
What this style looks like
- In-text citation
- 1. John Smith and Amy Lee, "Deep Learning for Protein Folding," Nature Methods 20, no. 3 (2023): 250.
- Reference list entry
- Smith, John, and Amy Lee. "Deep Learning for Protein Folding." Nature Methods 20, no. 3 (2023): 245–58.
The two things that consume the most time
Footnote format differs from bibliography format. Footnotes give the author in natural order; the bibliography inverts it. Footnotes separate elements with commas; the bibliography uses periods. Footnotes cite the specific page; the bibliography gives the full range. Three differences, for the same source, in two places.
A history dissertation may carry a hundred or two hundred footnotes, and reconciling them by hand is pure labour.
Full first note versus shortened subsequent note. The first appearance of a source carries full details; later appearances give only surname, short title, and page. This rule requires tracking whether each source has appeared before - across hundreds of notes, doing that by hand more or less guarantees errors.
Worth noting: recent editions of the Chicago manual no longer recommend "Ibid.", preferring the shortened form.
FAQ
Should I use notes or author-date?
Follow your department’s or journal’s requirement. As a rule of thumb, history and the humanities use notes; social sciences use author-date.
Are first versus subsequent notes handled automatically?
Yes, per Chicago rules. Because the rule depends on order of appearance across the whole document, spot-check a few afterwards.
Will it change my body text?
No. The body is frozen throughout; only in-text citations and the reference list are processed. That is also why it costs far less than humanizing - 5 credits per 1,000 words.
Are endnotes supported?
Note entries already in your document are standardized to Chicago notes rules. Whether notes appear at the foot of the page or the end of the document is a document setting and is not changed by this tool.
What does it cost for one paper?
5 credits per 1,000 words - the cheapest of our four tools, because only the citations are processed. An 8,000-word paper runs about 40 credits (under $0.50). New accounts get 100 free credits.